How Apple Catches Leakers
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https://9to5mac.com/2023/05/11/how-apple-catches-leakers/
One Example:
We’re all familiar with visible watermarks used by sites such as ourselves, to ensure that original images are properly credited, but it’s also possible to embed watermarks which are invisible to the naked eye, but can be digitally detected.
For example, this square appears to be all black:In fact, one section of it is #0D0D0D instead of #000000. By making changes as subtle as this to different pixels, you can create a near-infinite number of variations, each of which would be impossible to distinguish by eye.
We’ve used black as an example, but the same can of course be done with literally any color in an image.